Andrade, D., Hall, M., Mothes, P., Troncoso, L., Essene, J., Samaniego, P.,…Yepes, H. (2005). Los peligros volcánicos asociados con el Cotopaxi. Quito, Ecuador: Corporación Editorial Nacional.
Borrero, F. (2005). Marvellous Ecuador. Quito: Imprenta Mariscal
Ecuador-Travel.Net Andes. Volcanoes of the Andes. Retrieved October 30, 2013, from
http://www.ecuador-travel.net/andes.volcano.htm
Embassy of Ecuador, About Ecuador. Retrieved October 27, 2013, from
http://www.ecuador.org/nuevosite/index_e.php
Embassy of Ecuador. Online information for the Nordic and Baltic countries. (2011). Retrieved October 29, 2013, from
http://www.embecu.se
Encyclopedia of the Nations. Republic Ecuador. (2007). Retrieved October 30, 2013, from
http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Americas/Ecuador
Eufurt-Cooper, P., & Copper, M. (2010). Volcano and geothermal tourism: Sustainable georesources for leisure and recreation. Retrieved from
http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=RjWPbnRuWk8C&oi=fnd&pg=PA115&dq=The+Galapagos+Island+&ots=vzmEB-
cIld&sig=V9WnfHhW06dZwUrS7c8JFo3PBnI#v=onepage&q=The%20Galapagos%20Island&f=false
Geographinc Wouter Bruys. (2013,July 16). Tungurahua volcano in Cordillera Oriental Range in Ecuador, eruption in July 2013. Retrieved November 26, 2013, from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xZEYoJf4GJs
Gateway to Ecuador. Ecuador Geology. (2006). Retrieved October 27, 2013, from http://www.hipecuador.com
Genard, H. (2004). Humboldt’s Cosmos: Alexander Von Humboldt and the Latin American journey that changed the way we see the world. Retrieved from
http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=ua8n5fLZx5MC&oi=fnd&pg=PR13&dq
=Humboldt%27s+Cosmos:+Alexander+Von+Humboldt+And+the+Latin+American+Jou rney+&ots=-ipLXKUJVS
Jácome, F., (2009). Guía Interpretativa del Parque Nacional Cotopaxi. Retrieved from
http://www.ambiente.gob.ec/wp-content/uploads/downloads/2012/07/Parque-Nacional-Cotopaxi.pdf
Le Pennec, J., Samaniego, P., Eissen, J., Hall, M., Molina, I., Robin, C., …Egred, J. (2005). Los peligros volcánicos asociados con el Tungurahua. Quito,
Ecuador: Corporación Editorial Nacional.
Leonard, G., Johnston, D., Williams, S., Cole, J., Finnis, K., & Barnard, S. (2005). Impacts and management of recent volcanic eruptions in Ecuador: Lessons for New Zeland. Retrieved from
http://www.civildefence.govt.nz/memwebsite07.nsf/Files/Ecuador%20volcano%20impacts/$file/Ecuador-volcano-impactst.pdf
Leonard, G.,Johnston, D., Williams, S., Cole, J., Finnis, K., & Barnard, S. (2005). Map of Ecuador’s volcanoes and chart of eruptive history. Modified from IGEPN volcanoes brochure. Retrieved October 28, 2013 from
http://www.civildefence.govt.nz/memwebsite07.nsf/Files/Ecuador%20volcano%20impacts/$file/Ecuador-volcano-impactst.pdf
Martínez, A. (2012). Peligro Volcánico: Cenizas volcánicas y lahares. Retrieved from
http://www.atlasnacionalderiesgos.gob.mx/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=30&Itemid=215
Métaxian, J., Ruiz, M., Nercessian, A., Bonyalot, S., Mothes, P., Gabalda, G.…Rémy, D., (1999).Geophysical studies of Cotopaxi volcano, Ecuador:
Seismicity, structure and ground deformation, Fourth ISAC, Goettingen (Germany), 04 (6), 499.
Ministry of Tourism of Ecuador. About Ecuador. Retrieved October 28, 2013, from
http://en.ecuador.travel/
Mothes, P., Hall, M., & Janda, R. (1998). The enormous Chillos valley lahar: An ash-flow- generated debris flow from Cotopaxi Volcano, Ecuador, Bulletin of Volcanology, 59 (4), 233–244.
Movie & Arts Production Tv. With rut in 3D. (2009, Feb. 1). Avenue of the Vocanoes Ecuador. Ice Rut at its purest. Volcano Cotopaxi. Part IV. Retrieved Nov. 22,
2013, from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_BZcDTjKQj0
Ramón, P. (2009). Monitoreo de volcanes activos en el Ecuador. Retrieved from
http://www.oosa.unvienna.org/pdf/unspider/Ecuador2009_presentations/day3/P_RAMON_UNSPIDER.pdf
Saltos, N., & Vásquez, L. (1998). Ecuador su realidad. Quito, Ecuador: Fundación José Peralta.
Smithsonian Institution, natural museum of Natural History and global volcanism program.Volcano Information. (2013). Retrieved October 30, 2013, from
http://www.volcano.si.edu/volcano.cfm?vn=352080
Toulkeridis, T. (2013). Volcanes activos Ecuador. Quito, Ecuador: Imprenta y Offset Santa Rita.
Volcano Discovery. Volcanoes of Ecuador. Retrieved October 28, 2013 from
http://www.volcanodiscovery.com/cotopaxi.html
VTungurahua. (2010, Nov 22). Volcano Guagua Pichincha, Ecuador. Retrieved Nov 22, 2013, from
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_BZcDTjKQj0
Wolf, T. (1892). Geografía y Geología del Ecuador. Retrieved October 29, 2013 from
http://books.google.com/books?id=cZh5AAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbsge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false
Zeballos, O. (1999). Urban environmental degradation in a highland city located on the slopes of a volcano. Retrieved from
http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNADN421.pdf#page=153
Images 3,5,7,8,10,11,12 & 13 are selected from the website google images.
Images 1,2,4,& 9 selected from the personal library of Rosario Stone
North Carolina Essential Standards
Competency Goal 2: Earth Environmental Science. The learners will learn Earth Systems, Structures and Processes.
Objectives:
2.1.1 Explain how the rock cycle, plate tectonics, volcanoes, and earthquakes impact the lithosphere.
2.1.2 Predict the locations of volcanoes, earthquakes, and faults based on information contained in a variety of maps.
2.1.3 Explain the probability of and preparation for geohazards such as landslides, avalanches, earthquakes and volcanoes in a particular area based on available data.
Borrero, F. (2005). Marvellous Ecuador. Quito: Imprenta Mariscal
Ecuador-Travel.Net Andes. Volcanoes of the Andes. Retrieved October 30, 2013, from
http://www.ecuador-travel.net/andes.volcano.htm
Embassy of Ecuador, About Ecuador. Retrieved October 27, 2013, from
http://www.ecuador.org/nuevosite/index_e.php
Embassy of Ecuador. Online information for the Nordic and Baltic countries. (2011). Retrieved October 29, 2013, from
http://www.embecu.se
Encyclopedia of the Nations. Republic Ecuador. (2007). Retrieved October 30, 2013, from
http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Americas/Ecuador
Eufurt-Cooper, P., & Copper, M. (2010). Volcano and geothermal tourism: Sustainable georesources for leisure and recreation. Retrieved from
http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=RjWPbnRuWk8C&oi=fnd&pg=PA115&dq=The+Galapagos+Island+&ots=vzmEB-
cIld&sig=V9WnfHhW06dZwUrS7c8JFo3PBnI#v=onepage&q=The%20Galapagos%20Island&f=false
Geographinc Wouter Bruys. (2013,July 16). Tungurahua volcano in Cordillera Oriental Range in Ecuador, eruption in July 2013. Retrieved November 26, 2013, from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xZEYoJf4GJs
Gateway to Ecuador. Ecuador Geology. (2006). Retrieved October 27, 2013, from http://www.hipecuador.com
Genard, H. (2004). Humboldt’s Cosmos: Alexander Von Humboldt and the Latin American journey that changed the way we see the world. Retrieved from
http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=ua8n5fLZx5MC&oi=fnd&pg=PR13&dq
=Humboldt%27s+Cosmos:+Alexander+Von+Humboldt+And+the+Latin+American+Jou rney+&ots=-ipLXKUJVS
Jácome, F., (2009). Guía Interpretativa del Parque Nacional Cotopaxi. Retrieved from
http://www.ambiente.gob.ec/wp-content/uploads/downloads/2012/07/Parque-Nacional-Cotopaxi.pdf
Le Pennec, J., Samaniego, P., Eissen, J., Hall, M., Molina, I., Robin, C., …Egred, J. (2005). Los peligros volcánicos asociados con el Tungurahua. Quito,
Ecuador: Corporación Editorial Nacional.
Leonard, G., Johnston, D., Williams, S., Cole, J., Finnis, K., & Barnard, S. (2005). Impacts and management of recent volcanic eruptions in Ecuador: Lessons for New Zeland. Retrieved from
http://www.civildefence.govt.nz/memwebsite07.nsf/Files/Ecuador%20volcano%20impacts/$file/Ecuador-volcano-impactst.pdf
Leonard, G.,Johnston, D., Williams, S., Cole, J., Finnis, K., & Barnard, S. (2005). Map of Ecuador’s volcanoes and chart of eruptive history. Modified from IGEPN volcanoes brochure. Retrieved October 28, 2013 from
http://www.civildefence.govt.nz/memwebsite07.nsf/Files/Ecuador%20volcano%20impacts/$file/Ecuador-volcano-impactst.pdf
Martínez, A. (2012). Peligro Volcánico: Cenizas volcánicas y lahares. Retrieved from
http://www.atlasnacionalderiesgos.gob.mx/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=30&Itemid=215
Métaxian, J., Ruiz, M., Nercessian, A., Bonyalot, S., Mothes, P., Gabalda, G.…Rémy, D., (1999).Geophysical studies of Cotopaxi volcano, Ecuador:
Seismicity, structure and ground deformation, Fourth ISAC, Goettingen (Germany), 04 (6), 499.
Ministry of Tourism of Ecuador. About Ecuador. Retrieved October 28, 2013, from
http://en.ecuador.travel/
Mothes, P., Hall, M., & Janda, R. (1998). The enormous Chillos valley lahar: An ash-flow- generated debris flow from Cotopaxi Volcano, Ecuador, Bulletin of Volcanology, 59 (4), 233–244.
Movie & Arts Production Tv. With rut in 3D. (2009, Feb. 1). Avenue of the Vocanoes Ecuador. Ice Rut at its purest. Volcano Cotopaxi. Part IV. Retrieved Nov. 22,
2013, from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_BZcDTjKQj0
Ramón, P. (2009). Monitoreo de volcanes activos en el Ecuador. Retrieved from
http://www.oosa.unvienna.org/pdf/unspider/Ecuador2009_presentations/day3/P_RAMON_UNSPIDER.pdf
Saltos, N., & Vásquez, L. (1998). Ecuador su realidad. Quito, Ecuador: Fundación José Peralta.
Smithsonian Institution, natural museum of Natural History and global volcanism program.Volcano Information. (2013). Retrieved October 30, 2013, from
http://www.volcano.si.edu/volcano.cfm?vn=352080
Toulkeridis, T. (2013). Volcanes activos Ecuador. Quito, Ecuador: Imprenta y Offset Santa Rita.
Volcano Discovery. Volcanoes of Ecuador. Retrieved October 28, 2013 from
http://www.volcanodiscovery.com/cotopaxi.html
VTungurahua. (2010, Nov 22). Volcano Guagua Pichincha, Ecuador. Retrieved Nov 22, 2013, from
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_BZcDTjKQj0
Wolf, T. (1892). Geografía y Geología del Ecuador. Retrieved October 29, 2013 from
http://books.google.com/books?id=cZh5AAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbsge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false
Zeballos, O. (1999). Urban environmental degradation in a highland city located on the slopes of a volcano. Retrieved from
http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNADN421.pdf#page=153
Images 3,5,7,8,10,11,12 & 13 are selected from the website google images.
Images 1,2,4,& 9 selected from the personal library of Rosario Stone
North Carolina Essential Standards
Competency Goal 2: Earth Environmental Science. The learners will learn Earth Systems, Structures and Processes.
Objectives:
2.1.1 Explain how the rock cycle, plate tectonics, volcanoes, and earthquakes impact the lithosphere.
2.1.2 Predict the locations of volcanoes, earthquakes, and faults based on information contained in a variety of maps.
2.1.3 Explain the probability of and preparation for geohazards such as landslides, avalanches, earthquakes and volcanoes in a particular area based on available data.